World state Description of the state of relevant elements of the world
Situation World state
Value A preference over states of the world
Personal value A value held by an individual
Group value A value common in a group
Organisational value A value promoted by a group
Collective value Organisational value
Value System A set of values with a dynamic preorder relationship
Personal value system A value system held by an individual
Group value system A value system common in a group
Organisational value system A value system promoted by a group
Collective value system Organisational value system
Event A modifier of world states
Action A modifier of world states produced by an agent
Behaviour An action, given a particular world state [when the context clearly identifies a world state we can use the word action instead of behaviour
Convention Common behaviour
Norm Prescriptive behaviour
Individual norm A norm of an individual
Group norm A norm common in a group
Organisational norm A norm promoted by a group
Collective norm Organisational norm
Regimented norm A norm that makes prohibited behaviour unfeasible
Non-regimented norm A norm that demotivates prohibited behaviour through rewards and/or sanctions
Normative system A set of norms with a dynamic preorder relationship
Individual normative system A normative system of an individual
Group normative system A normative system common in a group
Organisational normative system A normative system promoted by a group
Collective normative system Organisational normative system
Regimented normative system A normative system that is enforced
Non-regimented normative system A normative system that is not enforced, but incentivised through rewards and/or sanctions
Agent An entity capable of behaviour
Moral evaluation Assessment by an agent of whether a behaviour is right or wrong
Moral agent An agent capable of moral evaluation
Moral value A value is moral if it is used for moral evaluation
Moral norm A norm is moral if it is used for moral evaluation
Moral community A group of moral agents that share moral norms and/or moral values
Morality System of moral norms and/or moral values
Value-aligned behaviour A behaviour is aligned with a value if and only if the behaviour leads to a preferred world state according to that value
Value-aligned norm A norm is aligned with a value if and only if the behaviour prescribed by the norm leads to a preferred world state according to that value
Value-aligned normative system A normative system is aligned with a value if and only if the behaviour prescribed by its norms lead to preferred world states according to that value
Value engineering The design of value-aligned normative systems
Norm-aligned behaviour A behaviour is aligned with a norm if it is the prescribed behaviour of that norm
Moral decision-making Decision making that is based on moral evaluation
Ethics Discipline that studies morality
Descriptive ethics Discipline that studies morality as it is
Normative ethics Discipline that studies morality as it should be
Normative ethical theory Formal framework for moral evaluation
Awareness The ability to reflect upon knowledge
Value awareness The ability to reflect upon value systems
Reflection The ability to examine, reason about, and modify oneself